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Is it better to buy new, used or refurbished gear?

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Used gear is more affordable, but it comes with risks.
Photo: tupungato / iStock Editorial / Getty Images Plus via Getty Images

If you're in the market for new photography gear, you'll have to decide between buying new, used or refurbished. Each option has advantages and drawbacks, and which is best comes down to a balance of cost, reliability and your individual needs. Understanding the differences between new, used and refurbished can help you make a purchase that fits your budget and long-term needs.

New gear Photo: Extreme-Photographer / E+ via Getty Images

Many people prefer new gear because it comes in pristine shape with no wear and tear. You don't have to worry about how the person who previously owned the camera or lens treated it, as it's never been used before. That means that you can, in theory, get the maximum lifespan and optimal performance.

New gear also comes with all the original packaging and accessories, which is a draw for some. Additionally, buying new means you get the benefit of warranties, giving you some protection if something goes wrong.

However, purchasing brand-new gear comes with a higher upfront cost. The higher expense can be a limiting factor for many. Additionally, there may be limited availability for some new models, making it harder to get your hands on it.

Used gear Photo: zoranm / iStock / Getty Images Plus via Getty Images

Used gear usually comes at a much lower cost than new, making it a more affordable option for building out your kit. The more affordable prices could mean that higher-end items are now accessible, whereas they wouldn't be if buying new. It also opens up the options of what's available. You'll have access to discontinued or vintage models that simply aren't available new. Likewise, high-demand products may only be available used, even if they are still in production.

However, there are risks when buying used gear. Those risks vary based on where you are shopping, as purchasing from a flea market or Facebook Marketplace is much different than a camera-specific marketplace like KEH, Adorama or MPB (our sponsor). With the former, you don't know if the item will be as described, and could end up with a non-functional piece of gear. Most camera-specific marketplaces will at least inspect gear to ensure it is listed accurately. With all used marketplaces, though, you never know how the camera or lens was treated before your purchase, which adds risks related to longevity.

Depending on where you purchase, there may be no protections or guarantees in place, leaving you out of your hard-earned money if the item isn't as listed. You also won't get the warranties that come with new equipment. Some of the third-party camera-specific marketplaces may offer limited warranties on the used gear they sell, but you'll usually pay a bit higher price than what's available on sites like eBay or Facebook Marketplace. That added cost may be worth it, though, as it takes some of the risk out of buying used.

Refurbished gear Photo: onuma Inthapong / E+ via Getty Images

Refurbished gear gives you the benefit of the lower cost of used gear, but with some added guarantees in place. Refurbished gear is inspected and repaired by the manufacturer or a reseller, giving you better peace of mind that what you are purchasing is as described and it will be in working order. Plus, many companies selling refurbished gear will have some sort of warranty (though not as extensive as that of new equipment). That way, you have protection if something goes wrong soon after your purchase.

Refurbished gear also has drawbacks, naturally. Like used gear, it likely won't come in the original packaging or with original accessories. You also still don't know the original usage or history, which could lead to a shorter lifespan, no matter how good the refurbishing was. Finally, while some third-party refurbishers will do work up to the quality of the original manufacturer, that won't be the case for all of them. So do your research before buying refurbished from a third-party company.

Shop smart

There's no right or wrong answer when it comes to shopping new or used, as it simply comes down to your budget, needs and preferences. For some, shopping for used or refurbished equipment is always the best option, whereas others will prefer to only buy new. Either way, make sure you are doing your research to ensure you are getting the best deal and only purchasing expensive items from trusted sources.

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What are the different camera modes and when to use them?

Digital Photography Review news -

Many cameras offer a mode dial for easy access to different modes.

Many aspiring photographers are led to believe that manual mode is the gold standard and the only setting that "real" photographers use. However, manual mode is just one tool a camera provides, and excluding the others can slow you down or lead to missed opportunities. Modern cameras offer advanced automatic modes and multiple semi-automatic ones like aperture and shutter priority, providing more flexible options without sacrificing complete creative control.

Mastering when to choose manual – or when to embrace other modes – is a sign of expertise, not a limitation. In this article, we will explain what the different modes are, and when you might want to rely on each, helping you embrace your and your camera’s full potential.

Auto

Auto mode is usually displayed on the top dial in green, either with the word "Auto" or a green "A." In Auto mode, the camera sets all core settings automatically. That includes aperture, shutter speed, ISO and white balance, but many cameras also adjust creative factors like color mode, noise reduction and more. Canon mirrorless cameras, for example, offer a Scene Intelligent Auto setting, which aims to detect the type of scene you are photographing and optimize all settings for that situation.

Auto modes typically don't allow for any manual override of settings. You simply point and shoot, fully relying on the camera's judgment. It's ideal for casual shooters, beginners and moments where speed is essential and creative control isn't. However, it will limit creative control and may not always choose the best settings for tricky conditions.

Program

Program mode, marked on the top dial by a "P," is similar to Auto mode but allows for some control. In Program mode, the camera will automatically choose aperture and shutter speed for proper exposure, but you can adjust other settings like ISO, exposure compensation and white balance, which are unavailable in full Auto mode.

Additionally, most cameras give you some room to adjust the exposure settings they've selected by "shifting" the program. Doing so will keep the brightness consistent, but will change the shutter speed, aperture, and/or ISO together, which can help if you want to prioritize a deeper depth of field or faster shutter speed. Each camera brand handles this slightly differently, however, so be sure to consult your camera's manual for the full details of what it does and doesn't allow.

Program mode is good for situations where you want a little more control than full Auto, but still want the camera to set core exposure settings for you. Street photography, everyday shooting, travel and other unpredictable situations are all situations where Program mode may come in handy.

Scene

Scene modes are typically labeled as "SCN" on the top dial. In Scene mode, you can choose various pre-programmed scenes, each optimized for different shooting scenarios, such as portraiture, action, landscapes, macro, sunset, night scenes and more. When you select a scene, the camera optimizes all settings for that situation. It goes beyond simply covering exposure settings, also adjusting white balance, metering mode, color profiles and more.

Scene mode is helpful when you need quick, reliable results and don't have the time or experience to adjust settings for specific situations manually. It can choose the appropriate settings to blur the background when taking portraits or close-up photographs, or capture images in challenging lighting situations where manual mode may not produce the best color or exposure.

Aperture Priority

Aperture Priority mode is marked as "A" or "AV" on your camera dial. In this mode, you select the desired aperture to control depth of field, and the camera will adjust shutter speed to produce a well-exposed image. It also allows full manual control of other settings like ISO and white balance, or you can individually set those to automatic.

Aperture Priority is perfect for situations where depth of field is the main creative priority, but the lighting is prone to changing. For example, if you're creating portraits outside, you may want to ensure that you have a shallow depth of field to blur out the background. On the other hand, if you're taking photographs of landscapes, you may want a consistently deep depth of field to have the entire scene in focus.

Shutter Priority

Shutter Priority is marked as "S" or "TV," depending on your camera. It is similar to Aperture Priority, but instead of controlling aperture, you control shutter speed. Then, based on the shutter speed you select, your camera will automatically adjust aperture for you.

Shutter Priority is perfect for situations where you need to control how motion is rendered (either frozen or blurred) but aren't as concerned with depth of field. It's commonly used when photographing sports, wildlife and other action situations where motion is the priority and you need to be able to react quickly.

Manual

Manual mode puts you in full control of everything. You select aperture, shutter speed and ISO (though you can generally set ISO to automatic and still be in Manual mode). Manual mode is best for when you want full creative control and have the time to manually adjust each parameter. It's also useful in tricky lighting situations where your camera may not know what specifically you are after.

Use what's best for you and a given situation

Some manufacturers have specialty modes in addition to the ones mentioned above, so be sure to check your manual for information on those. It's also important to remember that each camera mode is ideal for different situations and people; there is no single right mode. The goal of using your camera is typically, at least in part, to create nice photographs, and whichever mode helps you achieve that goal is the correct one.

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